St.Regis Doha 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

St.Regis Doha 2 - Essay Example It offers butler service to every client that books a stay at the hotel in a bid to ensure maximum customized service to each client. They achieved this through creation of St. Regis Butler Service. The Butlers wait on the guests throughout the entire stay. They serve all sorts of beverages at guest’s convenience. Guests have varied service choices from wake-up calls with breakfast, daily newspaper services and basic housekeeping services. Guests in Superior Rooms, Grand Deluxe Rooms and Junior Suites receive complimentary coffee and tea on arrival. Guests in any Suite type receive complimentary coffee and tea throughout the stay. The Butlers unpack for guests as they relax or pack for them as they leave. They also offer free garment pressing and folding of two items a day. Additional items are charged (St. Regis, 2011). Apart from butlers, the establishment employs professional chefs for various dish cultures, waiters, and security men, cleaning staffs, management and other m aintenance labor. They obtain their supplies locally or from the international market. Marketing is mostly through advertisements and participation in local and global activities (Scott, 2013). The hotel targets clients visiting for leisure and business purposes. It has 4,000 square meters of conference and meeting space, a number of restaurants, lounges and bars. The restaurants include Gordon Ramsey, a famous collection of restaurants at St. Regis Doha with different rooms having completely different but beautifully unique breathtaking decorations. The hotel offers Remedy Spa, private treatment services that have 22 rooms set aside for the purpose. The hotel price different packages differently. Each package has its own customized services but is flexible as well (St. Regis, 2011). Qatar witnesses great inflow of tourists throughout the year. Tourism in Qatar is on a steady growth rate since 2010. According to Qatar Tourism Authority report on (2013), years 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 experienced a constant 12 percent tourist’s increase. Fiscal Q.1 2013 indicates figures slightly below 11 percent but fiscal year is not yet over. Qatar authorities made it clear in the recent past that their target market is high-income earners and not low or mid-income tourists. Therefore, they focus on business travel and high luxury retreats. Despite this discriminatory approach, tourists flock the State at an increasing rate. However, the income ranges of the tourists are not known. Between 2010 and 2013, 10% more visitors came from around the globe rather than from around the region. The report also indicates that hotel sector at Qatar is growing at a high rate. Currently, 110 hotels are under construction, which upon completion will increase the total capacity of hotels from 13,407 rooms to 19,931 rooms (QTA, 2013). Table four: Porter’s five forces analysis of St. Regis Doha Strategic scope The increasing growth of tourists ensures a steady market for St. Regis Doha-both business visitors and luxury seekers. Strategic strength The facility has a number of advantages that strengthen its operations and service provision. They include 336 guest rooms, 58 suites, a collection of restaurants, lounges and bars, butler services and scenic attractions. New entrants threat Qatar is a dynamically growing economic region. Expanded business options attract more people to the region leading to increased hotel industry

TV and Our Children Essay Example for Free

TV and Our Children Essay There is a long term debate about television affecting development of children, its positive and negative impacts, and possible consequences of excessive popularity of TV among young developing personalities. Critics argue on supportive and harmful influence of television on kids, and access the topic from different perspectives: scientific, which is observing of physical changes in child’s development, ethical, moral, and psychological. A number of experiments have been conducted in order to determine possible harmful effects of television on young minds, which indicated different and controversial results as for the issue. However, every study confirms that excessive time spending in front of television negatively influences various aspects of child’s development. see more:influence of television   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The extent of influential force of television of young developing personalities can be determined with the help of reviewing and investigating the results and outcomes of different experiments conducted on this matter. First of all, television can be determined as a representation of information in two senses, which are hearing and sight. Furthermore, television reproduces the sounds of a very poor quality to the human hearing, and the visual data contains flashing, unrealistically colored, fluorescent over-stimulating images to a human eye, which can be a threat to development and proper functioning of the sight and hearing organs (Poplawski 1998). Moreover, watching television can result in improper functioning of the vital multi-leveled sensory elements, which can deteriorate the process of children’s brains growth. Experiments, where children are left alone with limited interaction wit other personalities, accompanied only by the information retrieved form TV screen, show that such isolation tends to generate a decrease of child’s brain by approximately 25% (Healy 1990). Further experiments conducted on young developing animals, which assume confining an individual into a closed space with the ability only to observe the action of other animals, indicated the similar effect of brain decrease and its rate was proportional to the time spent in confines (Healy 1990). A full visual ability of a child and a three-dimensional vision pertained to an adult organism continue the development process until a child becomes 4 years old. Consequently, the visual data produced by television appliances blocks the full functionality of seeing abilities and limits it to the quality reproduced by the actual screen, which represents unfocused two dimensional data composing of a limited amount of dots of light, often referred as TV resolution and refreshment rate. The visual information appears on the screen due to the process of transmitting electrons by a cathode ray gun to fluorescent substances, phosphors. The product of phosphors is artificially pulsed light originated from its glow, and it is directly perceived by a human eye without stimulating the function neuron-endocrine system secretions (Mander 1978). The final product of a TV screen represents a fairly unfocused picture, in order to perceive which with clarity and sharp focus the eyes of a human have to strain and adjust to the lower quality visual product. Apparently, television negatively affects the physiological development of a young human organism, as well as adult organism can experience harmful effects of excessive watching television. Among some other arguments that support the idea of harmful influence of television are moral and ethical considerations, which can be quite controversial. As an example of these, there is an argument of negative affect provided by the information received from TV including violence, inappropriate social behavior, explicit use of language, scenes of sexual acts and sexual abuses. Furthermore, television may become a tool of promoting inadequate behavior of people, as well as stimulating different addictions both to TV and products promoted on TV. Another recognized problem of watching too much television is very critical to young personality’s mind development. Watching television prevents children from use of their imaginative thinking, as they perceive the message exactly in form it was transmitted by author of shown information. Neocortex, a part of the brain that stimulates the creation of images, pictures, and symbols, is partially or sometimes completely inactive while children watch TV. Imaginative thinking is a critical aspect of human development, as it is a foundation of such human characteristics as intuition, creativity, leadership, artistic features, learning abilities, and many more. Television puts a child in a position of a passive recipient of information, limiting the extent of his/her participation and the ability to influence the ongoing action. Probably, one of the most successful definitions of harmful affects of television on young personalities is its impairment of the three main human characteristics acquired during the first three years of a child’s life. During this period a child learns to talk, walk, and think. Television captures a child in the sitting position most of the time, prevents possible communication, and makes a child a passive recipient of information without providing an ability to analyze the information and think. In contrast to all the harmful effects of television and its severity, TV is a very useful educational tool during the first years of human life. Television provides a possibility to get acquainted with objects, organisms, and phenomena that are impossible to encounter in person. Different educational programs, promoting exemplary behavior of children on TV in masterly created scenarios and plays may significantly assist parents in teaching basic society norms, values, and understandings. Informational programs providing information about natural phenomena and different living species on earth helps children to get acquainted with what they cannot meet in their environment. Also, different programs stimulate children’s positive attitude, as well as sound effects such as music generates the ideas and senses of rhythm. In conclusion, television should not be completely removed from the child’s environment in the time of his/her development. However, watching TV should be regulated on the time, purpose, and body position basis in order to maintain the impact provided by television. Short-time uses and right body positioning is essential when watching television as it prevents from many harmful physiological effects on the child’s body and prevents young body muscles from lack of activity. Information provided by television should be specifically chosen to attempt to get as much of positive educational data from watching TV as possible, however, a child must still have relative freedom in choosing specific programs. Watching TV practice should be minimized to the most extent possible, replacing it by activities, which contain more physical and intellectual involvement of a child. Examples of these can be reading books, spending time with friends, outside in nature, etc. Nevertheless, any regulation of spending time in front of television will not eliminate all harmful effects provided by this activity. The goal is to create a balance, or to outweigh the negative impacts of TV by positive contributions to child’s development. Bibliography Buzzell, Keith. The Children of Cyclops: The Influence of Television Viewing on the Developing Human Brain. 1998 California: AWSNA. Davis, Kimberly. â€Å"TV and your child: how much is too much?† Ebony.   Oct, 2004. Everett, Miles. How Television Poisons Childrens Minds. California: Miles Publishing. 1997. Healy, Jane. Endangered Minds: Why Children Dont Think and What We Can Do About It. 1990 New York: Simon and Schuster. Mander, Jerry. Four Arguments for the Elimination of Television. New York: William Morrow and Co. 1978 Poplawski, Thomas. Losing Our Senses. Renewal: A Journal for Waldorf Education. 7:2, Fall 1998. Yarbrough, Marti. â€Å"Movies, music TV: can parents monitor their childrens entertainment?† Jet.  March 28, 2005.

Marketing External Environments :: essays research papers

I ¡Ã‚ ¦m not sure if I am taking the right definition of  ¡Ã‚ §external environments ¡Ã‚ ¨ in my answer, but I will talk about them in the way I have learned about them before. There are always a number of external factors that affect customers, and if a marketing team is good they will take all of them into consideration. Demographics: Defined as: The characteristics of human populations and population segments, especially when used to identify consumer markets. I think this is one of the most important factors to look at because in take into account many things about the population including, but not limited to:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Æ’Ã ¦Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Race Æ’Ã ¦Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gender Æ’Ã ¦Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Average Income Æ’Ã ¦Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Location Æ’Ã ¦Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Population This makes a huge difference in marketing because marketing to middle aged Hispanic females may need a totally different campaign then elderly white males, although they may both be interested in the product. This is generally used in the initial stages of planning to decide if a certain area will even be profitable to market in. Political Factors: Depending on the political group of the area there may be bans on certain advertising or activities. Certain businesses may be supported more by specific political groups. For example a gun shop may flop in a more democratic area but be a huge success in a primary republican area. You could compare say, Texas and Massachusetts. In Republican Texas the gun ownership percentage is much, much higher then in Democratic Massachusetts. Economic Factors: This includes things like interest rates, exchange rates, government policies on taxation and spending, among other things. One of the most common examples of this is car dealerships advertising  ¡Ã‚ §Lowest Interest Rates Ever! ¡Ã‚ ¨ It may be much more successful to push a product more when interest rates are lower, and more appealing to consumers. Technological Factors: The technological world is booming, products are moving from Version 1.5 to Version 6.7 in a matter of months. With so much new technology being introduced it ¡Ã‚ ¦s important to remain user friendly, cost conscious, and efficient. Competitors: This one is huge. Companies and consumers alike need to be aware of the competing business in the area. Cost conscious consumers will look in flyers to see if Big Y or Stop and Shop has cheaper grapes, and the businesses need to be aware of this so they can appeal to the customer in a way the other business is not. If there are competing businesses in a specific area, you will RARELY see one advertise and the other abstain, for the simple fact that you need to do everything your competitor is doing and then some.

International Communication

Declaration l, the undersigned, hereby declare that this is my own and personal work, except where the work(s) or publications of others have been acknowledged by means of reference techniques. I have read and understood Tutorial Letter CANALLED/301 regarding technical and presentation requirements, reference techniques and plagiarism. Table Of Contents Page Introduction Essay: Globalization & South Africa Conclusion Sources 2 5 6 The term ‘globalization' gives rise to a lot of different meanings and interpretations.Globalization has its own negative and positive effects on the world today. It has opened the free markets which enables trades between countries, and therefore increases the living standards in these particular countries. However, there are still some developing countries that have fallen behind and have not kept up with the pace of change of development. It has had many impacts both negative and positive on South Africa and its people. Globalization & South Africa Page | 2 As an emerging democracy, in the past South Africa had to contend with the demands of both national and international issues.This included rising unemployment, poverty and inequality. At the same time, South Africa had to become a contender in the globalizes world of capital, trade and changes in technology. The free market that has been created by globalization has allowed for less developed countries to learn from more developed countries, therefore allowing people to advance and succeed economically. Globalization affects South Africans lives in so many ways. Most times it seems we are a land that is stuck between our interesting yet difficult past while trying to move forward to embrace all that the future could old.Often poorer countries that are not connected to people globally, are unskilled due to the lack of knowledge and equipment. They are also unable to trade with the other countries which are richer and larger as they are unable to meet the demand. Enabling pe ople of one nation to communicate with those of other nations is the biggest achievement in terms of globalization. It has provided the production market with an improved access to a wide range of foreign products and as a result, globalization has increased and helped in the production of goods for import and export.By increasing production and lowering costs, South Africa is able to take advantage of access to these free markets and allow for more trading with international consumers. This will help the country to not only increase export profits but also employment. An important factor of globalization is that it is able to remove barriers and promote mobility. By opening borders it exposes people to opportunities for example – as established company like Macdonald is able to expand their countries like South Africa. Thus creating employment and strengthening the economy.This exposes young South African entrepreneurs to more advanced ways ND ‘know-how in running a bu siness. The globalization of the economy and the demands on the workforce that goes with it, requires an education that allows learners to think independently, to exercise Judgment and teamwork to make sense of new situations. Education teaches how to learn, problem-solve and incorporate the old with the new in our ever changing society. Foreign interest and investment will be directly linked to education and training.Due to increased competition from globalization, companies are more willing to aid their employees with courses or financially with studies. This enables them to be more efficient and effective within the organization. â€Å"Standard of living refers to the level of wealth, comfort, material goods and necessities available to a certain socioeconomic class in a certain geographic area. The standard of living includes factors such as income, quality and availability of employment. † (www. Wisped. Org) According to this definition of standard of living, globalizati on has a positive influence on a developing country such as South Africa. It increases the availability of goods, opportunities and potential of income for South Africa. Poverty stricken countries are instantly playing ‘catch-up' with the rest of the world in terms of technological advances. The standard of living is measured by the income per person which has increased in South Africa over time, thus proving that globalization has had a positive impact on the economy of South Africa.Page | 4 Due to globalization, South Africa has had the opportunity to ‘rub shoulders' with economic giants such as the United States, Japan, United Kingdom and China. This enables our country to learn from other countries and stabilize our economic infrastructure. South Africa has been able to learn better methods of communication, rainspout and distribution networks that make business activity possible. With globalization we can learn to constantly improve and develop our economic infrastr ucture from power house economies. Government regulation is when the legislative and executive branches set and enact laws that determine how a specific task, business, or industry is supposed to run. † (wry. Answers. Ask. Com) For a developing country such as South Africa to gain knowledge on regulation regarding laws, ideas or patterns of behavior from across the globe, it is important to have good relations with first world leaders. The different levels and branches in government are there to help deal with issues the country faces, but sometimes this inequality in power has devastating effects.State power and functions are sometimes abused and this has a direct impact on the citizens and development of the country. Information technology is a driving force of globalization and the advancement of video calling and teleconferencing making business that much more efficient, it increases the communication processes. Technology has something to do with change. Most of the innov ations from the technological advances have very important effects on the lives of peoples of the world, which has witnessed radical changes.The use and production of CIT plays an important role in the ability of nations to participate in global economic activities. Conclusion Page I All sectors including economic, political, technological, cultural and environmental are directly affected by, and fall under the ‘umbrella' of globalization. The term and definition of globalization shows us how we are all interconnected and interdependent in some way and how our lives have taken shape around the rapid and ongoing changes in the world.

Inclusive teaching and learning approaches Essay

The aim of this assignment is to gain an understanding into inclusive teaching and learning approaches as well be able to use them in my teaching. It will also explore how I can create a learning environment that engages and motivates students and my planning, delivery and evaluation of my teaching. The Warnock Report 1978 introduced the idea of Special Educational Needs and encouraged the thought process of statements and an inclusive education by suggesting that common educational goals were set regardless of the learner’s abilities or disabilities (Education and Skills Committee 2006). This is is further supported by Hodkinson and Vickerman (2009) who state that educational need should be considered the priority and not an individual learning disability. Therefore, inclusive teaching is about allowing any student the ability to achieve their full potential through education and training, by treating students equally and without discrimination this will make for a conducive learning environment. As an inclusive teacher this will necessitate the teacher to ensure that all students’ are treated differently in order to maximise the individuals learning potential and identify any students learning needs or indeed barriers that may arise to progressing their learning. By undertaking these steps to ensure early identification on learning needs and barriers, strategies can be put in place to minimise negative impacts of these barriers and ensure an equal and inclusive learning environment. Within my role, over the last 15 years, as a coastguard rescue officer part of my inherited role is to support, train, assess and feedback to managers on newer team members competency as well as support senior officers with delivering training packages to team members throughout Cornwall. This is a new development and is a big strength to the development of teams and competencies levels. These training packages have been developed from a foundation through to the higher technician competencies and have proven a great success. Upon completion of the foundation training coastguard officers will then undertake a number of further competency courses which include the rope rescue operator course. This has both inherent strength and weaknesses to the course, one of which is that the learners on the course  are from a multitude of teams from across Cornwall and this can prove challenging at times, however, the strength of doing this in this manner is that we can also share knowledge and ‘best practise’ across the county. The limitation of just having one level of competency attending the course does not allow for ‘real’ opportunity for learning due to policies created that only technicians are able to go over a cliff. This in turn limits the real life ability to put it in to practise. The course has been developed and this policy overcome by the opportunity to allow technicians to attend and again share knowledge, experience and best practise. Within any education and training, environment is key in ensuring that the opportunity for learners to develop and reaffirm their knowledge of key functional skills in English, Mathematics and ICT as well as wider skills is possible. These skills can be developed naturally through your subject matter and will often create a positive learning environment the more naturally they occur. When undertaking these skills in your learning environment the tasks need to be relevant and engaging with real time/life situations to ensure maximum opportunity for learning. Within my learning environment there are many opportunities for these skills to be developed and affirmed. When undertaking training with the coastguard and teaching and sharing knowledge there are many opportunities for the use of technologies in the form of technical equipment used for the lowering and hauling of team members and causalities, as well as a need for clear communication skills between team members from the person over the cliff to the cliff top and officer in charge, who all require a clear, concise and informed briefing and ongoing updates throughout the training evolution. Further to this is the need to understand the breaking strains and tensions on the equipment and ability to calculate the potential stretch in a rope over a distance are just some examples of embedded functional skills within my teaching and learning environment. An inclusive teaching and learning environment needs to allow learners’ to feel comfortable, relaxed and feel safe to allow them to maximise the opportunity to learn and achieve their full learning potential. When undertaking education and training the approach, resources and assessment methods used as a teacher are key to ensure that the learner is enjoying the learning environment. Ensure you are able to connect to the individual learner using their name, speak directly to them and not about  them, ensure their voice is heard when undertaking feedback or tutorials and that any individual’s needs are catered for. This is particularly important in ensuring and understanding the needs of learners with dyslexia. Garner (2008) states that where a child is referred to as having dyslexia, they may experience considerable difficulty in reading, writing and spelling but this is not necessarily a reflection on their intellectual capabilities. Therefore it is important to ensure that their needs are catered for adequately to allow them full access to the learning. For example, ensuring handouts are available on coloured paper can help to allow one of the barriers of dyslexia to be overcom e. Ensure resources for the training are current and relevant, if you are undertaking worksheets or workbooks ensure that there is opportunity to allow staged tasks for different levels of learning or learners’ who may suffer from autism. Clear goal setting and ensuring that goals are achievable before the need to move to another task, where practical, reduces the impact on the learner and allows the opportunity for ‘extension’ activities. When undertaking any education or training opportunity motivation and keenness to engage with the training is of vital importance as the more the engagement and student led learning the less work as a teacher you may have to do. Ensure a knowledge of what motivates your learners’ and if they are attending the training because ‘they have too’ or to develop themselves will give you an insight into an individual’s motivation. There are many ways to motivate individuals’ to engage in the training from ensuring an overarching positive learning environment to interesting creative tasks ensuring a variety of learning styles and strategies are employed. When undertaken training of a new cohort of learners’ the way in which the ground rules of the session, course or environment are set are fundamental to the success of ensuring maximum engagement and potential achievement, as well as to ensure a safe working environment. There are many ways to establish ground rules from a teacher led process where they dictate rules to the group and is very much a â€Å"You must not†¦.† And â€Å"Don’t do†¦.†, for a more constructive and joined up approach a negotiation style approach could be considered to ensure investment from learners’ and signed agreement could allow for a greater commitment from them. There will more often than not be imposed rules either as part of health and safety responsibility or due to policies and procedures that are  able to be avoided but these can be discussed and ensure a clear consistent understanding of these and reasoning could aid in the collaborative approach to the learning environment. References: Education and Skills Committee (2006) Special Educational Needs Third Report of session 2005-2006. [Online] HC 478-II. London, the Stationary Office. Available from: http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200506/cmselect/cmeduski/478/478ii.pdf [Accessed 20th April 2015]. Garner, P. (2008) Special Educational Needs: The Key Concepts. London, Routledge. Hodkinson, A. and Vickerman, P. (2009) Key Issues in Special Educational Needs and Inclusion. London, SAGE Publications Ltd.

5 Awesome Things You Can Do Right Now with Blurb.com

5 Awesome Things You Can Do Right Now with Blurb.com Blurb is a self-publishing and marketing platform that allows for amateurs and professionals alike to publish professional quality printed magazines, books, and eBooks. The site was founded by Eileen Gittins in 2005 as a way for individuals to affordably and simply publish books of their own design. She personally desired for a way to publish her own photography in a professionally bound book.Over the next decade the company expanded to provide a variety of services and tools for artists and writers to publish their works. In 2008 the site won a Webby Award for Best Services website and then in 2010 was ranked #47 in the Inc. 500 list of fastest-growing U.S. companies. It also earned the honor of ranking #1 in the media category and among the top five fastest-growing companies led by women. In 2018 Rix Kramlich was appointed Chief Executive Officer bringing his experience from his roles in Macromedia, i2 Technologies, and ABB.The site allows for users to design and create their own p hoto books, trade books, magazines, or eBooks. The user can design their own material or use Blurbs book publishing software, Bookwright. The software allows for the user to design their own product and easily submit a document that Blurb can then publish and prepare for sale.The site also provides information and tools for the user to sell their creations either through Blurbs website or through online distributors, such as Amazon, Ingram, and Apple iBooks store. Blurb promotes itself as a one-stop-shop that aids the user in every step of the way from creating the product to printing and selling. The user only needs to bring their ideas and creativity.The site also provides a series of articles that can inform the reader on a variety of subjects. The blog section is organized under three main topics: book-making, selling, and inspiration. It is tempting to go step by step through all of the awe-inspiring ideas included in the site, but rather than ruining your own exploration throu gh all of the information, I will highlight five awesome things you can do on Blurb.Blurb provides information and tools for the user to sell their creations either through Blurbs website or through online distributors, such as Amazon and Ingram.1. Be a better writerWriters block can get the best of any of us. Blurbs blog has several suggestions that can help you jump start your writing process. In the sites writing section, none of the articles are very long, but each of them provides suggestions to help you find a topic and get writing. You can also explore reviews of different apps that can help you focus and organize your work.Under the inspiration section, you can find articles on how different artists and writers created their projects and learn about what inspired them, such as the interview with childrens book author Megan Roy. She talks about her inspirations and what led her to make her own book on Blurb.Another article I really enjoy is Five great ways to combat writers b lock. The author outlines simple ways to get writing. One, just start writing. I like this advice. I use it with my students all the time. Sit down and write. It does not need to be good. It does not need to make sense. Just get words on paper. Two, pretend youre writing for yourself. This one is strange but works. Ignore any specific audience. Just write to you. You can always edit later to match a specific audience. Three, make sure it isnt something else. This one takes some self-reflection, but make sure there is not something else going on in your life that is keeping you from writing. Four, give yourself some space. Dont put too much pressure on yourself. Sometimes sitting and thinking or meditating is a critical part of the writing process. Take a walk or bake cookies. Just be careful you are not using those activities to procrastinate. There is a fine line between taking a mental break and just wasting time. Five, break it into smaller tasks. Focus on one task at a time.I wr ote my dissertation 500 words at a time. Every day I wrote 500 words, and then changed tasks- either edited another section or analyzed some data or even read a book. I felt comfortable writing 500 words. Again, it did not need to be the most perfect 500 words- just 500 words I actually wrote that day. I finished a 300+ page dissertation over time. Dont worry about the whole project at once. Break it down.2. Learn to take a better photoBlurb began as a way for Eileen Gittins to publish her own photography. Throughout the site are lots of tips and advice on how to better your own skills in photography. The topics range from social media photos to taking photos worthy of an art studio. The advice is written in a manner that someone with no or limited knowledge could understand and begin the process of making photography a serious hobby or possibly a career. I particularly enjoyed the essays on the history of photography, which takes the reader on a journey from the invention of film t o Instagram. This section of the site has the most information, which is not surprising considering Blurbs beginnings.3. Promote yourselfOne of the other more developed areas of the site is the section on Promoting and Marketing. The authors help the reader understand the many different ways to promote your own work through self-publishing. The articles range from using Amazon and eBooks to effectively promoting yourself online. I particularly liked the suggestions for using writing communities to help you write and promote yourself as you begin to create your work. By having someone help you be accountable for your writing, people tend to write more and more effectively. I used writing communities all the time during my graduate school years. I am even planning one for this summer to work on another project. By creating a community around yourself, you build a network which builds your own confidence. Your community can help you create more and promote your completed projects.4. Fi nd inspirationThe site as a whole is built to help you find inspiration in your own creativity. There are articles on finding ideas if you need help getting an idea going. There are many interviews and profiles of writers and artists throughout the site that discuss their artistic journey. The scope of the topics covered will allow almost anyone to find something that interests them. Plus, you might find a tip that helps you begin your own passion project. I particularly enjoyed the article From Idea to Book. The author maps out the process from idea to published work. Again, the reader needs to provide the creativity and imagination, but the process is outlined quite clearly.Blurb.com is built to help you find inspiration in your own creativity.5. Get publishedThis one is probably the most obvious. The main goal of the site is to provide a place for creators to self-publish their own projects. As mentioned, the site breaks down each step- design, printing, and selling- or their cu stomers. Blurb makes the process seem easy and simple. If your goal is to publish, Blurb provides a number of guides and tips to making that happen. They provide information on choosing between printing on demand or making a large order. Throughout the whole blog there are a number of suggestions and advice on all aspects of publishing your work, whether it is the next great novel or a photobook for grandma.Final takeawaysAs a writer, I appreciate the efforts that Blurb has taken to provide a space where creators can publish, promote, and sell their work. Blurb provides worthwhile information and services that many people will want to use. The traditional publishing industry is brutal and not the best place for every person to go to when looking to distribute their own work. Blurb meets a need in our 21st century world where people, through social media and other platforms, are self-promoting themselves in ways never before thought of. To quote the site, Blurb is a self-publishing a nd marketing platform that unleashes the creative genius inside everyone. The site almost makes it seem too simple, but what it allows people to do is celebrate the hard work they have put into their creations.I suggest browsing the site and find some inspiration. But the next step must be for you to go out and create. Write, take a picture, paint, draw, dance, act, or do whatever moves you. Blurb is there to help you document and potentially sell your work, but you need to go and create. Find a place to work. I love coffee shops. I like the simple parade of people as they order their coffee or tea and move about their day. I also like quiet old libraries. The smell of books keeps me calm. But no matter where you create, the key is that you do it.

The Raven Essay Example

The Raven Essay Example The Raven Paper The Raven Paper yet when the birds single response continues to make sense in the context of his thoughts and outbursts of speech, he begins to look upon it as a prophet sent by God or the devil. The raven destroys any hope the speaker has about reuniting with lenore after death What is the plot? the speakers chamber at midnight on a cold dreary night in December What ia the setting? Details such as darkness, midnight dreary, fantastic terrors, and omnious bird, as well as details about the speakers distress, create a haunting mysterious mood that reflects Romanticisms dark side Which details contribute to the mood of this poem, and how do they illustrate the dark side of Romanticism? Death, loss, suffering, sorrow, evil, memory of death and loss; our worst nightmares What does the Raven Symbolize or represent in this poem? Like death, loss, and suffering, the raven is part of the speakers life and will remain so. The raven casts a shadow on the speakers life and seems to threaten the speaker. He comes unexpectedly and acts as it pleases without any concern for the effect it has on others. What theme or main idea do you think this symbolizes?

The North American and Western Larch

The North American and Western Larch The native range of the Tamarack, or Larix laricina, occupies the coldest regions of Canada and the northern-most forests of central and northeastern United States. This conifer was named tamarack  by native American Algonquians and means wood used for snowshoes but has also been called eastern tamarack, American tamarack, and hackmatack. It  has one of the widest ranges of all North American conifers. Although thought to be a cold-loving  species, tamarack  grows under extremely varied climatic conditions. It can be found in isolated pockets in West Virginia and Maryland and in disjunct areas of interior Alaska and the Yukon. It can easily survive average January cold temperatures from -65 degrees F to warm July temperatures that exceed 70 degrees F. This toleration of climate extremes explains its wide distribution. The extreme cold of northernmost strands will affect its size where it will remain a small tree, attaining a height of about 15 feet. Larix laricina,  in the pine family  Pinaceae,  is a small to medium-size  boreal  conifer that  is uniquely  deciduous where needles annually turn a beautiful yellow color and drop in autumn. The  tree  can grow to 60 feet in height on certain sites with  trunk  growth that can exceed 20 inches in diameter.  Tamarack can tolerate a wide range of soil conditions but grows most commonly, and to its maximum potential, on wet to moist organic soils of  sphagnum and woody peat. Larix laricina is very intolerant of shade but is an early pioneer tree species that invades bare wet organic soils by seeding. The tree typically appears first in swamps, bogs, and muskeg where they start the long process of forest succession.   According to  one U.S Forest Service report, the principal commercial use of tamarack in the United States is for making pulp products, especially the transparent paper in window envelopes. Because of its rot resistance, tamarack is also used for posts, poles, mine timbers, and railroad ties. The key characteristics used for the identification of tamarack: This is the only eastern conifer with deciduous needles arranged in radiating clusters.Needles are growing from blunt spurs in groups of 10 to 20.Cones are small and egg-shaped with no visible  bracts between scales.Foliage turns yellow in autumn. The Western Larch or  Larix occidentalis Western larch or Larix occidentalis is in the pine family Pinaceae  and often called western tamarack. It  is the largest of the larches and most important timber species of the genus Larix. Other common names include  hackmatack, mountain larch, and Montana larch. This conifer, when compared to Larix laricina, has a range that is much reduced to just four U.S. states and one Canadian province- Montana, Idaho, Washington, Oregon, and British Columbia. Like the tamarack, western larch is a deciduous conifer whose needles turn yellow and drop in autumn. Unlike tamarack, western larch is very tall, being the largest of all the larches and reaching heights of over 200 feet on preferred soils. The habitat for  Larix occidentalis  is on mountain slopes and in valleys and can grow  on swampy ground. It is often seen growing with Douglas-fir and ponderosa pine. The tree does not do as well as tamarack when dealing with broad changes in climatic factors as a species. The tree  grows in a relatively moist-cool climatic zone, with low temperature limiting its upper elevational range and deficient moistures its lower extremes- it is basically limited to the Pacific northwest and to the states mentioned. Western larch forests are enjoyed for their multiple resource values including timber production and aesthetic beauty. The seasonal change in hue of larchs delicate foliage from light green in the spring and summer, to gold in the fall, enhances the beauty of these mountain forests. These forests provide the ecological niches needed for a wide variety of birds and animals. Hole-nesting birds comprise about one-fourth of the bird species in these forests. According to a U.S Forest Service report, western larch timber is used extensively for lumber, fine veneer, long-straight utility poles, railroad ties, mine timbers, and pulpwood. It is also valued for its  high water-yielding forest-areas where management can influence water yield through harvest cuttings and young stand culture. The key characteristics used for the identification of western larch: A larch trees color stands out in forests- pale grass green in summer, yellow in the fall.Needles grow from blunt spurs in groups like  L. laricina  but on hairless twigs.Cones are larger than L. laricina  with visible yellowish, pointed bracts between scales.

Agrarian Domains Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Agrarian Domains - Essay Example The legal system and police encouraged segregation. However, beyond the legal system, there was often a potential risk by the terrorist aggression. The Ku Klux Klan, Knights of White Camellia, and other fanatics assassinated thousands of blacks and several whites to stop them from voting and taking part in public life (Stonaker & Shepard, 12). Execution was one of the major ways of violence. Between the year 1884 and 1900, white gangs assassinated approximately 2,000 blacks in the south. The gangs also burned them alive, shot them or even beat them to death. The perpetrators also executed blacks for any defilement of the southern rules and regulations (16). The southern states approved laws in the middle of 1800’s that obliged different accommodations for blacks and whites in schools. They also approved laws for different public transportation systems, courts, libraries, and cemeteries. Additionally, they also approved that no black man would be put in a similar insane shelter with the white man in every southern state. Popularly, all the above laws were collectively referred to as Jim Crow laws (Schultz & Tishler, 5). The first step towards the fight for elimination of legal segregation occurred when colored people, factions of African Americans and some European activists collaborated to fight segregation of trains in New Orleans. In 1905, W.E.B. Dubois led a number of Black activists at a meeting convened in Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada to plan tactics for elimination racial segregation and advocate for racial equality. In the year 1909, this meeting by black activists became the Niagara Movement, which led to the formation of National Association of the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). This association concerted its efforts to fight for the rights of colored people and challenging racial segregation in courts (Stonaker & Shepard,

International Business of Botswana Country Essay

International Business of Botswana Country - Essay Example When Botswana appeared on the face of the map, there was no army for the defence and protection of the country. In 1977 Botswana Defence Force was formed and today almost 12000 armed men are an integral part of the system (Botswana, 2007). The government of Botswana has perfectly maintain the outflow of diamonds for the economic well being of the country and from last three decades Botswana is a leader in the production of quality diamonds. Thus, the revenue generated from diamond mining is very rightly used to carry out the essential expenditures of the country (Background Note: Botswana, 2007). The other chief sources of income in Botswana include tourism and cattle industry. Before 1971 the market was based on agriculture and farming, but then diamond mining started that heightened the economic growth and also increased the per capita income of the country as compared to many other African countries (The World Fact Book, 2007). Whenever we consider the economic structure of a place, we cannot deny the fact that there are some threatening issues related to that area which have an immense effect on the expansion and progression of the nation. Similarly, Botswana is dealing with the victims of HIV- AIDS as the country has the second highest infection rate and as a result huge amounts are needed to tackle the problem every year (Structure of the economy, 2007). In addition to it, the nation is also facing crisis in the employment sector. A large number of population is unemployed and the government is taking keen interest in facilitating the service sector. Cultural values of Botswana In the northern areas of Botswana trained and skilful women are working in their villages. They are famous for weaving and crafting. Moreover, few writers of that part of the world are famous for their work primarily Bessie Head, who wrote about Botswana until her death in 1986 (Binsbergen, 2002). In the same manner people from different fields have entered the global market in order to promote the culture of Botswana and to strengthen its economy in the world (Botswana, 2007). Botswana - International trade today and 25 years back After the independence of Botswana in 1966, agriculture had been its major economic sector. Its main emphasis had been on agricultural goods which shared about forty percent (40%) of the Gross Domestic Product of Botswana and forms the basic exports of the country. Even today the primary sector contributes highest to the country's GDP, which now, not only includes agricultural goods but also mining. Now Botswana is on the path of diversification. It is working hard to diverse its economy and emphasizing more on manufacturing goods and mining than on agricultural goods. Its main manufacturing products include meat products, dairy products, textiles, chemical and leather products, wooden products and many others. In 1983 the mining sector contributed 52.6 percent to the GDP (Kapunda, 2003, 3). The major exports of Botswana are focused to Common custom area, USA, UK, Zimbabwe and to other European countries. In the year 1985 the total exports of Botswa

Ted Talk Reflection Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ted Talk Reflection Report - Essay Example I must say that the research process turned out to be quiet easy for me in the sense that I had to write about my father’s professional success and how he used the social media, which was in a very nascent stage in his times, to promote and expand his business. Yet, I was required to maintain a measure of detachment while culling out the traits that highlighted my father’s professional success, and to seek a theory of success that imbibed those characteristics and traits. I used a colorful and simple visual selection to make my paper more interesting, thought provoking and self explanatory. The objective of my essay is to bring to fore the essential human qualities, which when combined with the technical possibilities, give way to success and fulfillment. The management gurus and motivational speakers do not happen to be the only custodians of timeless qualities and abilities that promote human happiness. Families and communities also have been the traditional sources of ethics and excellence, which if approached and analyzed in a theoretical framework, can work wonders for the world. The Action Plan from the Doc Spec made the things for me less unwieldy, structured and organized. I must say that I don’t have much experience with essay writing in English. So the Doc Spec facilitated a manageable framework within which I was able to research and brainstorm the topic selected by me. To put it simply, it considerably curtailed the wastage of time, efforts and resources. It allowed me to construct and then build on the topic in a systematic and methodical manner Going through the papers drafted by others allowed me a clear and concise perspective as to what I was expected to do and how I should go about doing it. I more than often focused on the format and style of others to shape and organize my work. It also extended to me a fair idea as to what sources I need to research and how to access those sources. Besides it

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Report - Essay Example This individual opens up a hot dog stand. The person makes $250 a week clean from his hot dog stand operation. The person gave up a job where he was making $400 net a weekly. This means that the individual is incurring in an opportunity costs loss of $150. Opportunity costs can be defined as what a person is given up to perform a particular action (Varian, 2003). The opportunity costs of working on Sunday to gain a little overtime is the leisure family time the person could have enjoyed in his day off. The law of demand states, all factors being equal, that if the price of a good or services increases the overall consumer demand for that good or service will decrease (Investopedia, 2009). A consumer product that is very popular in households is Kellogg’s Frosted Flakes. If several generic brands of corn flakes left the marketplace the supply curve for Kellogg’s would shift to the right. Another way the demand curve would shift is through positive marketing news. If this product won an award for the best cereal in 2008 the demand of the product would shift to the right. A different product we could analyze is GM cars. The supply curve of GM cars would shift to the left if several manufacturing plants close down. Another way it would shift to the left is if the prices of Japanese imports decrease. The demand of the housing market in the United Kingdom could shift to the left or the right if there are changes in factors that influence the marketplace. There are several factors that could change the UK ownership housing market demand. If the population in the UK changed this variable would affect the demand. An increase in the population would raise the demand. Another factor that could affect the buying of home in the UK is if the price of rental homes changes. A decrease in the price of rental would make the option of buying a home less attractive and would decrease the demand. A third factor that could affect the demand for

Ocean Life and the Impact Of Humans. An overview of the Gulf of Mexico Research Paper

Ocean Life and the Impact Of Humans. An overview of the Gulf of Mexico - Research Paper Example However, due to the crucial economic importance of aquatic resources, there has been an upsurge of human activities including tourism, mining, fishing and other industries in these habitats. These human activities have regrettably diminished ocean life through unsustainable practices such as overexploitation of the resources and introduction of pollutants. This paper explores ocean life in the Gulf of Mexico, with special focus on the effects of human activities on the diversity and conservation measures in the region. An overview of the Gulf of Mexico The Gulf of Mexico is one of the most important oceanic habitats in Northern America and has one of the richest aquatic diversity in the world. In addition, it has rich reserves of petroleum deposits making it one of the biggest oil producing regions in the world. The rich ecological diversity offers numerous social and economic opportunities, including tourism, navigation, recreation and mining of petroleum and gas that contribute sig nificantly to the gross domestic product of the United States and Mexico. The entire Mexican gulf covers an area of about 600,000 squares miles, extending from the Yucatan peninsula in Mexico to Florida Keys in the United States (Weber, Townsend and Bierce, 1992). A recent biological survey of the biodiversity in the Gulf of Mexico undertaken by GMP (2010) recorded 15,419 species that belong to 40 phyla. The marine life ranges from single cellular organisms to plants, seaweeds and fungi, in addition to a wide variety of vertebrate and invertebrates animals. The rich biodiversity is distributed across three major habitats, including the shoreline or the coast, the shallow sea and the open or deep ocean. The coastal region consists of important habitats, including beaches, sand dunes, estuaries, mangrove swamps, salt marshes and tidal flats. The gulf of Mexico coastline offers a wide range of aquatic plants including the mangrove, diverse varieties of plants and algae including turtle , manatee, shoal and widgeon grasses in addition to sargassum sea weeds. The coastline forms an important habitat for aquatic near shore animals, including corals, sea turtles, dolphins and various species of whales, fish and sharks (GMP, 2010). NOAA (2006) classifies species of animals found in the Gulf of Mexico according to the water depths that they mostly occur. From this classification, there are near shore and offshore animals. The habitat of near shore animals ranges from the estuarine waters to the edge of continental shelf and it covers a distance of less than 200 meters from the shelf edge. Offshore animals occupy deep waters that lie beyond 200 meters from the continental shelf. However, this animal distribution varies depending on the seasons because of migration between these areas for various reasons including reproduction and depending on food availability, water temperatures and strength of ocean currents (NOAA, 2006). The aquatic plants and animals in the Gulf of M exico have established important biological relationships in the ecosystem. Aquatic plants and algae are the primary food producers in the marine ecosystem providing sustenance for a wide variety of marine animals (Allan and David 2007). For instance, turtle grass in the Gulf of Mexico is common source of food to sea turtles. Through photosynthesis, the aquatic plants and algae produces oxygen that dissolves in water. The dissolved oxygen is used for respiration by the wide diversity aquatic animals in the gulf. In addition, anaerobic bacteria use the dissolved oxygen in the decomposition of organic matter in the water bodies. Similarly, aquatic animals provide the plants with carbon dioxide as a by-product of respiration

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Report - Essay Example This individual opens up a hot dog stand. The person makes $250 a week clean from his hot dog stand operation. The person gave up a job where he was making $400 net a weekly. This means that the individual is incurring in an opportunity costs loss of $150. Opportunity costs can be defined as what a person is given up to perform a particular action (Varian, 2003). The opportunity costs of working on Sunday to gain a little overtime is the leisure family time the person could have enjoyed in his day off. The law of demand states, all factors being equal, that if the price of a good or services increases the overall consumer demand for that good or service will decrease (Investopedia, 2009). A consumer product that is very popular in households is Kellogg’s Frosted Flakes. If several generic brands of corn flakes left the marketplace the supply curve for Kellogg’s would shift to the right. Another way the demand curve would shift is through positive marketing news. If this product won an award for the best cereal in 2008 the demand of the product would shift to the right. A different product we could analyze is GM cars. The supply curve of GM cars would shift to the left if several manufacturing plants close down. Another way it would shift to the left is if the prices of Japanese imports decrease. The demand of the housing market in the United Kingdom could shift to the left or the right if there are changes in factors that influence the marketplace. There are several factors that could change the UK ownership housing market demand. If the population in the UK changed this variable would affect the demand. An increase in the population would raise the demand. Another factor that could affect the buying of home in the UK is if the price of rental homes changes. A decrease in the price of rental would make the option of buying a home less attractive and would decrease the demand. A third factor that could affect the demand for

Chapter 3 Review and Discussion Question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Chapter 3 Review and Discussion Question - Essay Example While most manufacturing processes are automated, the service organizations cannot adopt this process. Lastly, manufacturing demands physical location for production of products, whereas service designers are least bothered about this aspect. For a good service, the designer should keep in mind factors like legitimacy of services, access to potential clients, competitors in the market, price ranges, cost of maintaining services and demand in the markets. Mass customization refers to the combination of two business practices commonly referred to as craft production and the mass production. Being directed at providing maximum satisfaction to the customers, the practice promotes the notion of providing individualized products to customers with mass production efficiency. Although the application of the notion of mass customization appears promising, there are a number of challenges related to this concept. The challenges that arise secondary to the application of this process may be regarded as being internal complexities or external complexities. External complexities arise when customers face difficulties regarding customization of their ordered products. The uncertainty associated with this process is often the cause of dissatisfaction for the client. Internal complexities on the other hand are related to the internal functions of the company regarding designing of products that are customizable enough to meet the customer’s demands. Due to wide product range and variety that results secondary to mass customization, the company faces internal complexities that may hinder its smooth

Complexity of Poetry Essay Example for Free

Complexity of Poetry Essay Poetry is a way for the reader to openly interpret a poem in almost any way they see fit. Because there is so much freedom of interpretation with poetry, there leaves a lot of room for discussion and opposition. Billy Collin’s poem, â€Å"Introduction to Poetry†, breaks down the basic ways for interpreting and understanding a poem. In summary, he explains that the reader cannot focus on trying to figure out one specific meaning of a poem, but instead, try to piece together small parts to understand a deeper meaning. Collin’s rules on how to interpret a poem can be applied to Hughes’s poem about a young student writing a poem for homework. Instead of looking at Hughes’s poem as a whole, the reader can better understand it by breaking it down and figuring out why each line is important and how it ties together with the poem as a whole. Understanding Collins rules to interpret a poem, help the reader decipher Hughes poem on a deeper, more academic level. Langston Hughes’s poem explains how a black, twenty two year old man and the rest of his white classmates are given an assignment to write a paper. The narrator, who is also the student, explains his thoughts about the assignment and how him being the only colored one in his class might be reflected on his grade on the assignment. At the beginning of the poem, he explains how he has to get to class everyday by traveling across some of the â€Å"better† parts of town. The student goes on to explain how even though he is colored, he likes the same things and has the same wants as everyone else. He states that he is no different than the rest of his class and that he too has knowledge to share. By stating this, the student is expressing to the reader how he thinks him and the instructor are equal. In the last few lines the student writes, â€Å"As I learn from you, / I guess you learn from me† (37-38). This explains how even though their skin color and age is different they are still able to learn from each other. The student has a somewhat optimistic and confident tone throughout the poem. He is aware of his capabilities and knows that he can be just as successful as anyone else. Billy Collins â€Å"Introduction to Poetry† explains how whenever people analyze a poem they do not try to find the true message of it. By writing, â€Å"But all they want to do / is tie the poem to a chair with rope / and torture a confession out of it,† explains how the majority of people are lazy and want everything handed to them effortlessly (12-14). This last stanza explains how some people look at poems from one point of view and expect the meaning of the poem to be written out for them. The author is stating that people should look at the poem from different angles just as one would look at the world from a color slide. He tries to explain to the reader that if one were to interpret the poem from a whole new approach, then they could find a deeper meaning than just the surface meaning. After reading Collins â€Å"Introduction to Poetry†, the reader should have a better sense of how to interpret Hughes’s poem. Throughout the first part of Hughes’s poem the reader may think all of the characters background information including his address, age, and hometown is pointless. After reading an entire stanza about this â€Å"pointless† information the reader may try to stop understanding the poem before they even finish it. If the reader uses Collins instructions about analyzing a poem, they may find that all of this â€Å"pointless† information is actually important and helps contribute to the characters feelings of insecurity. Collins poem explains that not all poems have one specific answer or meaning the writer is trying to get across. Keeping this idea in mind, the reader may realize that Hughes’s poem, in fact, does not state an answer or solution to the characters mixed feelings. Although both of these poems leave room the readers own special interpretation, there is a basic meaning and idea to each one. Both of these poems fit well together because Collin’s thoughts and ideas can be directly applied when reading Hughes’s poem. The poems are an effective example of how even though a poem may seem short and simple, there is usually a deeper and greater meaning beneath the surface.

The Doppler Effect And Its Applications

The Doppler Effect And Its Applications Perhaps you have noticed how the sound of a vehicles horn changes as the vehicle moves past you. The frequency of the sound you hear as the vehicle approaches you is higher than the frequency you hear as it moves away from us. This is one example of the Doppler Effect. To see what causes this apparent frequency change, imagine you are in a boat that is lying at anchor on a gentle sea where the waves have a period of T =30s. This means that every 3.0 s a crest hits your boat. These effects occur because the relative speed between your boat and the waves depends on the direction of travel and on the speed of your boat. When you are moving toward the right in Figure 17.9b, this relative speed is higher than that of the wave speed, which leads to the observation of an increased frequency. When you turn around and move to the left, the relative speed is lower, as is the observed frequency of the water waves. Content Doppler Effect (Sound) and its Application Introduction In physics, the Doppler Effect can be defined as, The increase or decrease in the frequency of sound and also to other waves such as the source and observer moving toward or away from each other. Thus the effect causes the change in pitch which is clearly noticed in a passing siren or train horn, as well as in the red shift/blue shift. The Doppler Effect is familiar to us with everyday experiences. It explains us the change in the pitch of a fast moving car horn or any other fast moving sound source as it passes us. If the car is approaching us, the pitch of the cars horn will be greater than if the car were stationary and as the car passes us and begins to move away from us the pitch will be lower than if the car were stationary. In fact, whenever the source and observer of a sound are in relative motion, the observed frequency will be different than that of the emitted one by the source. For example: The Observer feel higher frequency, when the train is coming to the observer. The Observer feel lower frequency, when the train is going far from the observer. History: The Doppler Effect was discovered by a scientist named Christian Doppler, who gifted his idea to us in year1842. He thought, if sound wave coming from the source might have a greater frequency and if the source is moving toward or the observer so there will be lower frequency if the source is moving away from the observer. Though some doubted the existence of this phenomenon, it was experimentally verified in 1845 by C. H. D. Buys Ballot (1817-1890) of Holland. Buys Ballot examined the alteration in pitch as he was passed by a locomotive carrying several trumpeters, all playing a constant note. The Doppler effect is considered most often in relation to sound (acoustic waves) and light (electromagnetic waves) but holds for any wave. When the source and observer of light waves move apart, the observed light will be shifted to lower frequencies, towards the red end of the spectrum, while if the source and observer move toward each other the light will be shifted to higher frequencies, t owards the blue end of the spectrum. The Doppler Effect is the phenomenon to observe at a particular time when the wave is emitted by a source moving w.r.t. the observer .The Doppler Effect can be stated as the effect produced by a moving source of wave when there is an apparent upward shift in the frequency to be observed by the observer and the source which is approaching toward it and the downward shift in the frequency to which it when the observer and the source is contacting. Change in the wavelength due to the motion of the source For the waves which propagate in the medium, such as sound waves, the speed of the observer and the source are in relation with the medium to which the waves are transmitted. The Doppler Effect may result from the change in position of the source, relative motion to the observer. Each of the effect is analyzed singly. For the waves which do not require any medium for propagation, eg. Light and gravity in general relativity, for it the difference in velocity of the observer and that of the source needs to be considered. HOW DOPPLER EFFECT DOES OCCURS: TYPES OF DOPPLER EFFECT: Symmetrical: It implies that Doppler shift is same when the source of light moves towards/away from a stationary observer or the observer moves with the same velocity towards/away from the stationary source. Asymmetrical: It implies that apparent change in the frequency is different when the source of sound moves towards/away from a stationary observer or as that occurs, when the observer moves with the same velocity towards/away from the stationary source. DOPPLER FORMULAE: Now the observer is in motion and also the source is stationary, then the measured frequency is: (1) When the up sign correspond to the arriving observer and the lower sign correspond to a receding observer. Now the source is in motion and the observer is stationary, then the measured frequency is: , (2) Where the up sign correspond to the source arriving and the lower sign correspons to the source receding from the observer. When both the source and observer are in motion, then the measured frequency is: 3) Note that the sign in the numerator and denominator are not depending on each other. By using the general facts for the sign at the numerator, the up sign is to be used if the observer is moving toward the source and the down sign if moving away from the source; in the denominator, the upper sign is used if the source is in motion w.r.t the source towards the observer and the lower sign if moving away. A simple trick to remember the signs is to remind one when or not the observed frequency is becoming to increase or decrease and to use whenever sign is required. For eg, when an observer is moving away from a source, the wave are going to move across it at the slow rate rather than if it was still, which signifies that the observers frequency is decreasing. And also it can be for when the source is in motion w.r.t an observer, it will go to smoosh the wave together as it emit it, which means to say that the increase in the observed frequency. This will be covered by making the denominator in eq (3) smaller, which do requires using it again. Source moving with V source < V sound: In picture shows sound source has radiated sound wave at the const. frequency in the same medium. However, the sound source is turning to the right with a speed Vs = 0.7 V(In mach). The wave fronts are to be produced with the same frequency. Since the source is moving and the center of the new wave front is now slightly shifted to the right. As a result, the wave fronts start bunching on the right side (in front of) and spread further on the left side of source. An observer in the front of the sourceis made to hear it at higher frequency f ÂÂ ´ > f0, and then the observer back to the source will hear a lower frequency f ÂÂ ´ < f0. Source moving with V source = V sound: Here the source is moving with the speed of sound in the medium (Vs = V, Mach 1). The wave fronts in front of the source are all bunched up to the same point. An observer in front of the source will feel nothing until the source arrives to him. The front will be quite intense, due to all the wave fronts add together.The figure at right shows a bullet travelling at Mach 1.01. You can see the shock wave front just ahead of the bullet. Source moving with V source > V sound: The sound source has been broken through the sound speed barrier, and is traveling at the greater speed then the speed of sound. Here the source is moving faster than that of the sound waves it creates are really leading the advancing wave fronts. It is this intense pressure front on the Mach cone that causes the shock wave known as a sonic boom as a supersonic aircraft passes overhead. The shock wave advances at the speed of sound v, since it has been built up from all of the combined wave fronts, the sound heard to the observer will be of the quite intense. Application of Doppler Effect: Sirens: The reason why the siren slides or blow, is because it doesnt hit you. It can be says as, if the siren is approaching to the observer directly, the pitch of the sound would remain constant (we have, vs, r is the radial component) till the source hit the observer, and then jump to the lower pitch. Because of the vehicle passes from the observer, the radial velocity never remains constant, but instead to vary as a function of the angle between observer line of sight and the sirens velocity: Vr = Vscos ÃŽÂ ¸ Where vs is the velocity of the source w.r.t. the medium, and the angle ÃŽÂ ¸ is the angle between the objects forward velocity and the line of sight from the object to the observer. Radar:-In the radars Doppler Effect is widely used in some of the radar, to measure the velocity of the object. A sound with required wavelength, intensity is fired to a moving target as it approaches from the radar source. Each subsequent radar wave has to travel farther to reach the object, before being redetected near the source. As each wave has to move farther, the gap between each wave increases, increasing the wavelength. Calculations from the Doppler Effect accurately determine the observers velocity. Weather Analysis or prediction: -Doppler radar uses the Doppler Effect for electromagnetic waves to predict the weather. In Astronomy:-The Doppler shift for light is used to help astronomers discover new planets and binary stars. Echocardiography: A medical test uses ultrasound and Doppler techniques to visualize the structure of the heart. Radio Direction Finding Systems

Facts about Earths Moon Essay -- essays research papers

The moon is a wondrous thing. Every night it's outside, up high in the sky, giving light to the world. Most people take advantage of the moon's light, because they don't know why or how the moon shines. Scientists today are busy proving theories and studying the moon, which will hopefully help society to understand the moon more. They know a lot about the moon, but there is still much more to learn. ?The Eagle has landed.? Many people use this phrase without knowing where it came from. On July 20, 1969, NASA astonished the world, when Neil Armstrong spoke these words when the Apollo spacecraft, nicknamed ?the Eagle,? landed on the moon?s surface. He later spoke the famous words, ?One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind,? when he was the first man to set foot on the moon. When astronauts walk on the moon, they are allowed to breathe, because of their space suits. These space suits have oxygen tanks in them, and allow astronauts to stay out in space for up to seven hours at a time. They have to think ahead a few steps so they can step or turn without difficulty, because they have to take huge steps. The pull of gravity on the moon is one-sixth lower than the pull of gravity on the Earth, which makes them a lot lighter on the moon. The moon?s gravitational pull controls the ocean?s tides on the Earth. The moon pulls the Earth and water towards it, which causes an increase of water nearest the moon. As the moon pulls the core of the Earth towards it, the water on the side farthest away from the moon flings around to the side, and creates an increase of water there, too. The increase of water is called a high tide. On the sides of the Earth not facing the sun or moon, there are low tides. Each beach or po... ...lieve that millions of years ago, a piece of rock as big as Mars hit the Earth, and the collision blasted a huge amount of rock into space, and the shattered pieces of rock went into orbit around the Earth. Over millions of years, the rocks clumped together to form the moon, and now it is not the pieces of rock that orbit the Earth, but the moon itself. Scientists, Native Americans, and many other people have their theories of how the moon became, but none have been proven. Scientists have studied the moon for many years, and have proven many theories, but not this one. Most people still take advantage of the moon, even after society has learned so much about it. They won?t think of it until the day the moon isn?t there anymore, which won?t happen anytime soon. Scientists have helped us greatly in understanding the moon, but there is still much more to learn.

Good Night Motel Сase Ыtudy

PurposeTo discuss the factors which motel owner Justin McGregor’s should consider when deciding on business proposal from a well respected community resident George Alward for 2 nights full house accommodations. Offer for half room rate, during low occupancy season, for church convention attendees.Background SummaryGood Night motel is a family owned and operated motel, located near main highways, restaurants and retail shopping in the Canadian town Grand Bend. The town is a summer resort with local businesses exposed to seasonal business patterns. Such is the Good Night motel, which has 30 units and charges $80/nt, rate comparable to the high-end motels in the area.Due to the global economic recession over the past few years Good Night’s occupancy rates have dropped resulting in lower annual revenues and increased competition for guests. 2012 is the first time in five years with earned profit.In the â€Å"low† period (Oct 16-May 14) the motel is rarely more than a quarter full at any time. During this time the operating and administrative expenses do not vary with the occupancy rate except cleaning supplies ($2.74 rm/nt) and heating ($5 rm/nt).Important FactorsWhen making the decision McGregor should consider both macro and microeconomic factors affecting his business.Global Recession: Currently due to the global economic recession and the  appreciation of the Canadian dollar vs US, less people are travelling, their leisure budgets are smaller. Consequentially the revenues are lower and the competition for customers higher. In a competitive environment, customers are not price takers. There are various comparable motels so George Alward can simply take his business to the competition.Possibility for repeat business: If McGregor accepts the offer he will create an opportunity for possible repeat client next year during slow season. And since Alward is a respected member of the community, his recommendations will have positive impact on the image of the motel.Opportunity Cost: McGregor should look not only the money he would be bringing in, but also at the lost opportunity costs. Although highly unlikely, there is forgone possibility that other people may wish to rent the 30 rooms at the standard rate of $80 per night.Qualitative Factors: In the event of full occupancy there is a possibility of lower efficiency. If the staff has to accommodate all 30 rooms at the same time, they may not be able to provide good quality service.Pricing Strategy: Accepting lower price for the room may set precedent for future clients demanding lower rates.Accounting Figures: Assuming all other operating and administrative expenses are the same for both cases accept or reject the offer do not vary with occupancy. For low season, accepting the offer results in positive incremental profit.Conclusion/Computations:Based on the fact that the global economy has not yet fully recovered from the recession and the seasonal low occupancy of the mot el, despite the possibility of higher opportunity cost and unwanted precedent effect, it would be beneficial for McGregor’s business to take the offer. The motel will benefit from positive incremental surplus, hopefully some repeat clients and good marketing from serving the local community.

An Overview Of The Spartan History History Essay

Sparta has long been an interesting society to people in modern times and to those populating when Sparta was a dominate power in Greece. Their society, Torahs and military art made those around them uncomfortable, interested and outraged. Some Grecian provinces saw Sparta as an ideal community and others saw it as a baleful force. Sparta managed to accomplish great power in Greece under the Torahs of Lycurgus and their ability to implement them in every item of Spartan life. There are several factors that helped do it possible but Sparta managed to accomplish an equal society based on their citizen ‘s trueness to the province. The preparation of male Spartan citizens was a â€Å" rough subject that transformed male childs into soldiers who were incarnations of bravery, virtuousness, and obeisance. †[ 1 ]All facets of Spartan history led to its success and power in Greece but their military might was the centre of their authorization. Everything from the fables of their ascendants, to the enforcement and credence of Lycurgus ‘ Torahs, to their military laterality gave Sparta the ideal community of domination and prestigiousness. Sparta was wholly alone from all other provinces in Greece during its clip. Spartan history began long before the initiation of Sparta as a metropolis. They based their heritage off of a fable that said they were dead persons of Hercules. The fable states that their first leaders were the great grandsons of Hercules, who had been forced to go forth Laconia and seek safety. The inheritors were determined to take back what belonged to them and they sought advice from the prophet of Delphi. They asked the prophet if they could retrieve the lands that truly belonged to them. The prophet told them they would be able to recover their lands after three crops. In clip, the Heraclids found that three crops meant three coevalss, non three seasons and they settled down and waited for that twenty-four hours to come. The clip finally came and Hercules ‘ descendants became masters. Afterwards, the Peloponnesus was split between the new leaders. Twin brothers, Procles and Eurysthenes, received Laconia and at that place they began the society that would go one of the most powerful Grecian provinces of its clip. The narrative was passed down through coevalss and gave them claim to their descent and rightful topographic point in Greece. This claim justified their coup d'etat of Grecian parts and people. It besides gave them the belief that they were kin to the Gods and their Godhead power. Throughout Spartan history, it is easy to see that they relied to a great extent on their beliefs and in their faith. These ideas are even reflected in the fable of their decent. The myth contributed to the Spartan attitude of power and justification for their high quality. There is non much information on early Sparta and what small there is historiographers speculate about. The paperss that are available can non be seen as wholly dependable ; nevertheless, it is known that Sparta did non get down as a dominate province in Greece but became one because they believed district in Laconia was truly theirs. In the beginning, the Spartans or Dorian ‘s were originally thought to be pastoral people that invaded Laconia. It is of import to cognize that although they were herders in a sense, they were non unagitated, docile people. The mobile Spartans should be thought of as work forces that had â€Å" blood feuds, king of beasts Hunts, lodger wars and stole adult females. †[ 2 ]These work forces took over Laconia, led by the duplicate male monarchs. The colony of the herder established Sparta as a city state. This guess adheres to the fables of Spartan history. Whether this narrative was believed for justification intents or because it was the hon est belief of the citizens is ill-defined. Early on in Greece, Athens and many of the other Grecian provinces started to spread out their districts in foreign lands to supply excess infinite and resources for their citizens. Sparta did non take the same position as the other Grecian opposite numbers ; alternatively, they decided to take over the land of their neighbours. In the 8th century, the Spartans began their quest to occupy Messenia and take its citizens as slaves. Unfortunately, the Argos, a Messenian ally stopped the Spartans from occupying this country until the Argives were pulled into the Lelantine War and Messenia was no longer protected by its ally. For the following few old ages the Spartans harassed the Messenians, ne'er engaging war on them but stealing their nutrient, taking what they could and doing mayhem wherever they saw an chance. They did non make harm to the country because they believed it belong to them and did non desire to harm what was theirs. The Messenians refused to contend, which aggravated t he Spartans and made them believe about abandoning their attempts. Finally, the Spartans returned place, merely to be lead on another expedition. In clip, the war began and although there is small know about the war itself, scholars believe it was peculiarly barbarous conflict. During this war it seems that the Spartan military mentality was already present, the â€Å" Spartans fought in a disciplined mode, and the Messenians charged separately and recklessly. †[ 3 ]Despite the subject of the Spartans, they were non able to win the conflict. However, the Messenians were going desperate for supplies and they were losing their population to the Spartans. Finally the Messenians were unable to defy the Spartans and became capable to their metropolis. This first conflict proved that the Spartans were superior combatants and began a tendency that would take them to going a military force to be feared. The Messenians were now slaves to the Spartans. However, they did non bury their freedom and 39 old ages subsequently rose up in a 2nd war to free themselves. This war was more hard for Sparta than the first had been. They were about defeated by the grandsons of the work forces they had one time conquered. The blue bloods of Sparta were defeated and suffered great causalities. The Spartans feeling defeated were ready to stop the war ; nevertheless, the Spartan male monarchs called for non-aristocratic males to organize a hoplite ground forces and pushed on with the war. A general named Tyrtaeus began to present new constructs into the Spartan ground forces including award, subject, manhood and citizenship. He told the new ground forces that they were a new sort of aristocracy based off these qualities, non on land or wealth. In the interim, the Messenian Alliess were pulled into a war with the Peloponnesian powers and were no longer able to help Messenia. Once once more, the Messenia ns were no longer protected by their Alliess and knew they did non stand a opportunity against the new Spartan hoplite ground forces. They finally fell and were subjected to Spartan control. The Second Messenian war caused effects that would alter their society everlastingly. The formation of the citizen ground forces caused great internal discord. After the war, the new Spartan ground forces had created a displacement in the balance of power. The blue bloods wanted to go on with the old societal categories but the new hoplites demanded political grants. The new hoplites were in the place to demand such things and the Spartan male monarchs knew something had to be done. The male monarchs were soldiers and blue bloods and were put into a alone place to compromise with both sides. They besides knew that if they wanted to keep their places they had to do certain that their society was non ripped apart. At this point in history, Sparta introduced policies that began its transmutation to the polis that is celebrated today. Lycurgus the lawmaker was thought to be connected to â€Å" the Eurypontid royal line, therefore likely linking him with King Charillos † and had traveled around the Grecian universe detecting other societies.[ 4 ]He imagined making a society of the best citizens without green-eyed monster and inequalities. He was put in charge of reforming Sparta by the two male monarchs after the Messenian Wars. He began to implement and make Torahs for Sparta. These Torahs were forbidden to be written down but were passed down from coevalss to the following. Lycurgus changed the societal, political and household life of every Spartan. No other Grecian metropolis had dared to alter their society so drastically. There was a entire change in the manner the citizens lived their lives, how their political relations were run and the impairment of the category system. Without Ly curgus ‘ Torahs, Sparta would non hold going the society that captured the attending of so many people around them. The Torahs were unforgettable and left its permanent feeling on the universe. Lycurgus began this transmutation by composing a fundamental law for Sparta called the Rhetra and took it to the prophet of Delphi for consent. Once it was permitted he brought it to the citizens of Sparta. It was evident that this papers established â€Å" the people ‘s rights and avowal of their sovereignty. †[ 5 ]There were new signifiers of authorities, and some of the old signifiers were kept in topographic point. The two male monarchs would go on to hold power but it was limited to war and faith. They were still considered male monarchs but Sparta would non be capable to a dual-monarch any longer. The double kingship could be traced back in their fable of the laminitiss of Sparta. The double kingship was alone to Sparta but was of great benefit for many grounds. Without the constitution of two male monarchs, Sparta would non hold achieved the power it did. The two male monarchs held a alone place in society which led to the execution of new Torahs and the credence of a alteration in society. When one of the male monarchs died, a new one would be appointed. After the new male monarch was appointed, it was tradition for him to â€Å" put free any adult male of the Spartans who was a debitor to the male monarch or to the province †[ 6 ]The double male monarchs would so go on their reign and the rhythm would finally reiterate itself. The male monarchs shared a place on the Council of Elders with 28 other work forces over the age of 60. These work forces came from baronial birth and were expected to assist do determinations for society. The 3rd signifier of authorities was the assembly, which was made of all Spartan work forces over the age of 30. The assembly was the most unfastened signifier of authorities. This subdivision helped do the citizens feel that they were equal and had a say in the political relations of Sparta. The ephorate made up the concluding subdivision of authorities. These work forces were elected yearly and had to subject for reappraisal after their term was finished. There were a sum of five ephors. In the beginning, the ephors were supposed to move as trustees for the male monarchs when they were at war, but they bit by bit became the voice of the people. In the 6th century, an ephor named Chilon was elected and he would press the ephors to go peers to the male monarchs. This alteration did go on and it altered the foreign policy of Sparta. They besides held great influence over the male monarchs. They made sure that the double male monarchs did non keep scores, had the right to talk for the damos at the assembly and all right citizens that had committed incorrect behaviors. Besides, during a clip of war, two of the ephors would attach to the male monarchs to conflict. The ephorate had control over the day-to-day personal businesss of the authorities and were seen as the representatives of the people. The ephors were important in equilibrating the power of the authorities. Having the different subdivisions of authorities gave society stableness. If these subdivisions had non been implemented Sparta may non hold become such a booming society. The subdivisions were able to look into and equilibrate each other while doing the citizens feel they were on equal footings with all other citizens. Spartan society was besides divided into groups harmonizing to their birth. The first category was made of full Spartan citizens. They were given full rights under authorities, given land one time they became of age, and their kids were eligible for Spartan citizenship. Spartan work forces became professional soldiers and Spartan adult females became female parents of soldiers. It was clear in Sparta, that the responsibilities of the citizens were towards the province. Everything each member did was to assist the province win as a military power. This is expressed in a narrative about an exiled Spartan that was speaking to the Persians during the Persian War. When the Persians asked the adult male to explicate Sparta, he replied that â€Å" Spartans feared merely the jurisprudence. †[ 7 ]The Torahs of Lycurgus were followed by every citizen and were passed through each new set of Spartan soldiers and female parents. Society encouraged the ideal citizen, it is best expressed by saying that â€Å" theoretical account Spartans did non love their households ; they loved the State. †[ 8 ]In other Grecian metropoliss of this clip, personal addition amongst the blue bloods was a outstanding characteristic of society. The categories were non treated the same in any manner. Higher and lower born citizens were capable to different Torahs and were divided politically, the latter non holding any rights at all. These citizens did non hold every facet of their life dedicated to the province and went into professions based on their households. The devotedness to the province was the most of import characteristic of Spartan society. If each member of society had non taken it as their responsibility, Sparta would most decidedly non hold achieved such unbelievable power. The male population was forced into an instruction that was based off military preparation get downing at age 7. The male childs lived, Ate and slept in common houses. They were trained at a immature age to go physically and mentally obedient. They had two responsibilities that they were being trained to carry through, going soldiers and to reproduce. Spartan male childs had to be ferocious warriors and were taught that award was greater than life itself. Xenophon stated that â€Å" an honest decease is preferred to a dishonourable life. †[ 9 ]Unlike the remainder of Greece, the province supported the male child ‘s instruction and single parents had no say in how their boies would be educated. The male childs were besides taught to be tough from their military preparation. They were given really basic vesture demands, merely one adventitia a twelvemonth, little rations of nutrient and their beds were made out of reeds that were picked from manus. The male childs were bes ides encouraged to steal nutrient. If caught, the male child would be punished for non being furtive plenty. This military preparation managed to bring forth the fiercest warriors in all of Greece. During the Persian War Sparta showed its strength and award of its soldiers. King Xerxes was able to see Sparta as â€Å" a combat machine strong plenty, adept plenty and sufficiently iron-willed to drive his hosts from the effort to integrate the mainland Greeks † into Persia.[ 10 ]Spartan soldiers made the military machine run. The province gained its prestigiousness on the repute of the armed forces. The soldiers were responsible for the power, without it Sparta would non hold been seen as the absorbing topographic point we know today. At age 20, Spartan boys endured several alterations. At this clip the male childs were required to fall in a nine. If he was non admitted into a nine he was non eligible to go a full Spartan citizen. He besides became active in the military and was encouraged to take a married woman. Unlike many of the other Grecian provinces, the Spartan young person was able to pass clip together during festivals and exercising. They most likely had the luxury of cognizing their partner before their nuptials twenty-four hours. Those work forces who were known to be unmarried mans were dishonored. They were non allowed to watch the other young person ‘s exercising, take part in spiritual festivals and felt the shame from non reproducing. In a society that valued reproduction and considered it to be a precedence, it is non surprising. Another facet in Spartan society was homosexualism. The Spartan work forces were encouraged throughout their lives to organize sexual bonds with other work forces. Harmonizing to Xenaphon, Lycurgus â€Å" encouraged association between adult male and male child. †[ 11 ]In their young person, the male childs were frequently expected to take older male lovers and society encouraged these relationships. It may hold been seen as acceptable so that the work forces formed close bonds to each other and would contend harder to protect those around them. In add-on, it would non be surprising for those relationships to organize because the work forces spent more clip with their chap soldiers than their married womans, parents and kids. In contrast, Spartan adult females enjoyed a great trade of freedom, particularly compared to their opposite numbers throughout Greece. Relatively talking, they even had more freedom than their male parents, brothers and hubbies. The females besides began their instruction at the age of 7 but it was non aimed at military cognition. Alternatively, they were taught to go ideal female parents for Spartan soldiers. Although they did non receive military preparation, they were expected to take part in physical activities and athleticss. The Spartans believed if their misss were encouraged to prosecute in physical activity their organic structures would bring forth strong kids. Some pictures even reveal misss and male childs disputing each other in athletics. One picture depicts youths â€Å" on an unfastened grassy field, four lightly clothed immature adult females confront a group of bare immature work forces, who have cast off their fundamental garments. †[ 12 ]The adult females were permitted to sing, dance and take part in festivals frequently demoing their accomplishments in one of the countries. There are besides artifacts that convince modern bookmans that Spartan adult females were involved in equestrian athleticss including, siting Equus caballuss and chariots. On top of artefacts, some of the Spartan Queens had names or monikers with equestrian significances. It is clear that adult females were involved in an array of featuring activities. There is besides grounds that they were taught to read and compose. The authors during this clip reference adult females being able to read or deducing it in some manner. The Spartan adult females were besides said to hold been encouraged to voice their ideas and sentiments. There is a narrative that Gorgo, a queen of Sparta was encouraged by her male parent to talk her head. Herodotus explains that she â€Å" advised her male parent non trust Aristagoras and Kleomenes and he followed her advice. †[ 13 ]It is evident that adult females in Sparta were far from the soundless type. This would be a immense contrast to the remainder of the Grecian adult females who were deliberately hidden from society and were expected to be seen and non heard. Spartan adult females were non expected to get married until they reached maturity which was much subsequently so other adult females in Greece. This gave them plentifulness of clip to concentrate on their instruction and go ideal Spartan f emale parents. It is sensible to believe that they were able to go comparatively educated, which would help to being seen as an anomalousness in Greece. Between age 18 and 20, like the male childs, the misss were expected to get married and get down bring forthing kids. The matrimony agreements in Sparta were non drastically different from the other Grecian traditions ; nevertheless, there were some differences in the manner they picked their spouses. Many of the Spartan young persons had been exerting together since childhood. As misss got older, the pattern of exerting in the nude served more than one intent. One ground they preformed physical activities in the nude was because vesture was known to keep and adhere the jock. Another advantage was so that the â€Å" public emanations of the maidens, and their appearance naked in their exercisings and dances, were temptations to marriage. †[ 14 ]By practising these traditions Spartan males were able to turn an fond regard to a female or happen one that caught his oculus and prosecute his involvement. At this point, the male or a representative for him would seek the permission from the miss ‘s male parent to take her manus in matrimony. If a male parent died before he had arranged his girl ‘s matrimony, she would go a patrouchoi and â€Å" inherited her male parent ‘s belongings in her ain right. †[ 15 ]After that the male monarch had the authorization to set up the miss ‘s matrimony. In add-on, the sister or girl of a coward suffered greatly for his workss. She would non hold any suers and therefore she would non be able to make what she was born to make. In a society based on bring forthing kids, it would hold been seen as immense embarrassment. After the agreements were made between a suer and his bride, matrimony came shortly after. This portion of Spartan matrimony was nil like the remainder of Greece. The groom would nobble the bride in an aggressive mode and take her to a room where she would be prepared for her nuptials dark. One ground for the snatch alternatively of a expansive ceremonial would be to guard off evil liquors. This ritual would non pull attending to the matrimony, maintaining it concealed. Following, the maid of honor would come in the room and shave the bride ‘s hair. This was used as a symbol for Spartan society to see. The brides shaved caput signaled her transition from a bachelor girl to a married woman, the beginning of her new life and her credence as a full Spartan citizen. Then, the maid of honor would dress the bride in work forces ‘s vesture so she would wait for her groom. There were a few grounds why this tradition may hold existed. One ground may hold been to assist the hubby p assage from a homosexual relationship to a heterosexual relationship. The belief would hold been that the adult females looked similar to a adult male and hence, he would experience more comfy consummating their matrimony. However, the usage may hold started so that the evil oculus would non cognize she was a bride or it could hold had another spiritual significance. After the twosome had done their Spartan responsibility, the hubby would mouse out and return to his barracks. From the clip they were married until the clip the hubby was 30, the twosome would go on with their separate lives, seldom seeing each other. Couples were deliberately unbroken apart, as it was seen as an embarrassment for a hubby to be caught sing his married woman. Lycurgus implemented this societal criterion because he believed if the twosome was kept apart, they would go on to crave for one another. This in bend would promote sexual intercourse between them when the twosome did see each other doing it more likely to gestate kids. Other grounds Spartan twosomes may hold been kept apart is so they would hold â€Å" continual exercising over their egos control † or so they would see each other as sexual spouses aimed at reproducing instead than organizing an fond regard based on emotions.[ 16 ]All of these imposts were merely practiced in Sparta. In all other Grecian metropoliss, matrimony traditions were more traditional compared to today ‘s criterions. Lycurgus besides implemented a jurisprudence that had an impact on matrimony and society as a whole. He wanted to free Sparta of green-eyed monster in every facet of life. He had already created a society of equal land, taken wealth from the metropolis and required that all the males eat the same nutrient and slumber in the same topographic points. To take green-eyed monster out of relationships, Lycurgus eliminated adultery as a societal negative. In Spartan society, work forces and adult females were able to bring forth kids with other citizens every bit long as they had their partners consent. Throughout Greece, criminal conversation by adult females was seen as an discourtesy punishable by decease in some metropoliss. In some instances, work forces could acquire away with criminal conversation but kids born from these personal businesss were non legitimate. In Sparta, work forces were permitted to happen a adult female from a good household that already had several kids and inqui re permission from her hubby to hold kids with her. In add-on, if a adult male could non hold kids or was older and married to a younger adult female, he could seek out a immature adult male that was seen as honest and brave and inquire him to hold kids with his married woman. This was non uncommon in society and was seen as a manner in guarantee population growing. Besides, Spartan kids were seen as portion of the province and were disciplined by the community. The male parent did non make up one's mind how the kid would be raised or take on a fiscal load for him. These factors made it easier for several spouses to hold kids without complications. In contrast, most other Grecian poleis ‘ kids would be disciplined and educated by their male parents. If the household was affluent the household could afford a coach and a good instruction. The community did non take duty for kids at all. In Sparta, holding multiple spouses besides reinforced the adult female ‘s responsibili ty to Spartan society. She would so be responsible for multiple families and more kids. This would hold been an award and privilege to a Spartan adult female. While other Grecian adult females boasted about their weaving, Spartan adult females â€Å" found award in raising good behaved kids † .[ 17 ]Spartan adult females dutifully contributed to society in the manner they were expected to. The Spartan province made it clear that reproduction was one of their top precedences. A adult female ‘s duty to reproduce kids was seen as â€Å" a acknowledgment of the adult female ‘s indispensable function her childbirth was accorded equal public position with her warrior hubby ‘s combat in conflict. †[ 18 ]They forced exhilaration between new twosomes, allowed criminal conversation and primed their girls to happen maternity as an award and responsibility. In add-on, the province rewarded those with multiple boies. They rewarded male parents that had 3 boies by pardoning them from fort responsibility and those who had 5 boies from fiscal duties to the province. However, with the rarity of soldierly meetings, it is extr emely improbable that many twosomes were able to bring forth that many boies. Womans who raised good Spartan boies enjoyed prestigiousness in society and those who died in childbearing were honored. Although society was based on reproduction, some adult females were sterile. Despite the accent and importance put on reproduction, these adult females were non shunned like the work forces that were proven cowards or unmarried mans. Nowhere in Greece was reproduction held to such high criterions. In Athenian society in can be argued that the adult females were domestic slaves for their hubbies. Their responsibility was to their family, which included raising the kids but it was non seen as an honest act. It was expected that they would raise their kids but would non have acknowledgment for being a female parent of an ideal citizen. It is besides likely that female parents in Sparta were closer to their girls than their boies. Whether on intent or merely a effect, it seems that Spartan female parents did non bond with their boies. This is partially due to the pattern of infanticide which created a separation automatically between a female parent and her boy. This took away the initial clip when a female parent and her babe bonds. Then their boies were taken off from them at 7 old ages old which farther caused a withdrawal. The last cause for such separation could be explained with the societal attitude towards decease. Death was seen as a responsibility and award. Spartan female parents knew that their boies would travel to war on a regular basis and that their greatest award would be to decease in true Spartan manner. Although all of these grounds were factors, it is most likely a merchandise of separation from a immature age. Fathers were much like their boies and did non pass much clip at place until really t ardily in their life. In bend, male parents were non involved in their kids ‘s lives. In the remainder of Greece, female parents and male parents would hold been able to pass more clip with their kids, particularly the female parent. A female parent from another Grecian metropolis would hold been confined to the house and her boy would hold been at place with her. If anything, she would hold been less affiliated to her girl because her girl would hold been married at a comparatively immature age about 13 or 14, giving her less clip compared to Spartan girls that would be with their households into her late teens or early mid-twentiess. The male parent would hold besides been home more frequently than the Spartan male parent. Although he might hold traveled for concern or be working outside the place, he would still pass more clip with his household than his Spartan opposite number. All in all, Spartan households would hold been drastically different from the remainder of Greec e. The following category that was in Sparta was the perioeci. They were non full citizens but enjoyed a life of freedom and prosperity. This category was made of largely Lacedaemonians who â€Å" lacked the right and duties of Spartiates, viz. entree to common musss, attending in the assembly, and election to any Spartan office. †[ 19 ]Despite their exclusion from Spartan rights and authorities, the perioeci enjoyed comparative wealth within Spartan society. Spartans did non go except for conflict and they did non let many visitants. They wanted to sequester themselves from the outside universe ; in bend, the perioeci benefitted greatly in affairs of trade. They besides benefitted from Sparta ‘s deficiency of involvement in doing goods. They would carry through the Spartans material demands. This allowed the perioeci to derive financially from the Spartan citizens. It seems that the perioeci were really loyal to Sparta and indentified with the Spartans and even saw themsel ves like their opposite numbers. The two groups were likewise in many ways and it was difficult to separate them apart, particularly in the ulterior periods of Spartan history when the perioeci fought in the Spartan ground forces. In other countries of Greece, aliens moved to different metropoliss, particularly Athens, to prosecute a better life. These citizens did non profit off of society like the perioeci because the other parts of Greece were comparatively unfastened to outside influences and enjoyed imported merchandises. Besides, adult females in other parts of Greece were highly domestic with allowed them to do and take pride in bring forthing domestic goods. In bend, the aliens did non profit from the domestic market. Spartans deficiency of domestic work and foreign imports created the perfect clime for the perioeci that was non enjoyed anyplace else in the Grecian universe. The last facet of society were the serfs. The Messenian Wars achieved many Spartan ends including more land, resources and a group of people to make their agricultural and domestic work. The Messenians were forced into bondage and became lasting serfs for the province. It is of import to cognize that the serfs were non slaves for one individual or family but were bound to the province in ageless servitude. They had no rights and worked for the Spartan province. The serfs ran the farms and the places of Spartan citizens, which allowed the citizens to concentrate on their military and child raising. The serfs besides produced an income that helped the Spartan citizens pay their revenue enhancements to the province. The serf population was the chief ground that Sparta could be an entirely military tally province. There are many differences between the serfs in Sparta and the slaves in other Grecian parts. The first being, that other Grecian city states seldom took other Greeks as their slaves. The other societies believed that foreign races were inferior to them hence, tantrum to be slaves. Besides, the slaves in other societies were owned by persons and the society as a whole did non depend on them to make all of their work. The slaves were seen as retainers instead than lasting workers. Religion in Sparta was really evident and was seen as a manner to warrant parts of their society. They were an highly superstitious society and were known to detain or decline to travel to war because of spiritual festivals. They would non prorogue or travel them, even when the menace was on their doorsill. The soldiers were given leave during festival times and they were respectful of other provinces spiritual festivals. Spartan citizens were taught to follow the regulations in all facets of society, and that did non differ with their faith. They were orderly in their mundane lives and that besides continued into their festivals. They used their myth about their beginnings to advance their decent from Hercules and their ties to the divinities. They continued to follow their ascendant ‘s beliefs and sought advice from the prophets. It is clear that the Spartans believed the prophets spoke with the Gods. The boies and great grandsons confided in the Oracles, Lycurgus validated h is Torahs through them which finally gained the blessing of society as a whole and the Spartan male monarchs frequently looked to them for advice and blessing in societal and military issues. No other Grecian province was as terrible about their spiritual beliefs. Cults were besides a portion of Spartan society. Many of the cults honored Apollo because he was most closely associated with the Dorian ‘s, or Athena the frequenter goddess of Sparta. The cult of Amyclae, dedicated to Hyacinth, helped to explicate the relationship between the older and younger Spartan soldiers. There is a myth that Hyacinth was a beautiful male child that Apollo was in love with but one twenty-four hours they were playing discs and a disc that Apollo threw hit Hyacinth in the caput and he killed him. The Spartans may hold found the relationships between soldiers acceptable because Apollo, their closest God engaged in similar behaviour. The Hyacinthia was a 3 twenty-four hours festival celebrated in Hyacinth ‘s award. Female Spartans besides had many cults, they honored Dionysis, Eileithyia, Helen and Artemis. Artemis was the goddess of nature and animate beings. They believed she had influence over the destiny of kids. They believed she directed the kids down the right way and helped in their lives. Spartan misss went yearly to dance entirely in award of her at the Caryae. The Carneia and Gymnopaediae festivals were celebrated yearly in Sparta every bit good. During the festivals, work forces and adult females would finish in athletic events including, pes racing and chariot racing. The adult females would dance and sing along with some work forces. The adult females besides weaved vesture and gifts for the divinities for the festivals. Womans in Sparta did non usually do domestic work such as weaving ; nevertheless, faith was an of import portion of their life. It was the citizen ‘s responsibility to weave these garments and the serfs, who usually did the weaving, were non allowed to do them. In contrast, other Grecian adult females participated as priestesses but most rebelliously were non involved in athleticss or public festivals. Religion besides played a major function in war. The Spartan ground forces was non dispatched to the Battle of Marathon because of the Carneia. Besides, before a conflict, the male monarch would execute a forfeit in the presences of the ephors, generals and company commanding officers right â€Å" before morning to prevent the Gods † .[ 20 ]The leaders would so seek and look for portents in the bowels. If the portents were good, the conflict would travel away every bit planned but if they saw bad portents, they would detain or abandon the conflict. The Spartans were continuously involved in wars, partially because the Grecian city states frequently fought each other and foreign encroachers, but besides because they had based their full society on going the greatest military power in Greece. During the 2nd Messenian War, Sparta began to demo their accomplishment in conflict with the execution of the hoplite ground forces. The Spartan citizens showed that they were capable of going skilled and disciplined soldiers. After the Messenian Wars were over, the soldiers forced a alteration in society that propelled their way towards military domination and their boies embraced the new reforms wholeheartedly. Lycurgus ‘ reforms non merely trained every male citizen to be a ferocious warrior but they besides supplied all male citizens with armour and arms. The Spartan work forces had learned to populate with small nutrient and vesture, in the cold and had been taught to contend as one. Contending was their profession and their enemies knew it. No other metropolis in Greece could tout about this sort of military power on land. The other provinces were non able to deviate their energy and resources into the military or do their society centered on it. Even Athens, their chief challenger, was non able to bring forth an ground forces like theirs ; although, they were able to organize the most powerful naval force in Greece. Again, a difference between Sparta and Athens was that Sparta forced this alteration about by themselves ; although, they would non hold been able to make it without the pericoeli and serfs. Athens was able to make its navy because of testimonial from other Grecian pr ovinces but could non hold achieved their end without trusting on other Grecian provinces to supply the agencies. Sparta was a alone society, separate in about every manner from the other Grecian provinces. They were able to transform their society into a strictly military province, centered on the strength of all their citizens, including the adult females. They besides accomplished a trueness so great that a adult male would give himself, believing that it was his award and responsibility to make so. No other Grecian province achieved a similar society that involved all parts of the province working towards a common end. This helped them to go one of the most dominate provinces during the 6th century in Greece ; nevertheless, it besides aided to their eventual death. Even though Sparta did non last through the ages, they left rather an feeling on the people around them that carried over to our captivation of them today. Sparta will go on to perplex and astonish people because of their alone and interesting society.